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Cosa e il boil off?

Posted on Agosto 22, 2022 By Author

Sommario

  • 1 Cosa è il boil off?
  • 2 Come avviene la liquefazione del gas?
  • 3 What is boil-off gas (bog)?
  • 4 What is a boil-off gas tanker?
  • 5 Come funziona un impianto LNG?
  • 6 Come funziona il metano liquido?
  • 7 What is boil-off gas (bog) in LNG?
  • 8 What is bog and how does it affect LNG?
  • 9 How to reduce the boil-off of natural gas emissions?

Cosa è il boil off?

Il “boil-off” LNG è una condizione normale e di routine tipica delle cisterne di trasporto e di altre operazioni LNG. Un numero sempre maggiore di enti normativi nel settore ambientale richiede la misurazione e la registrazione della quantità di gas emesso (evaporato).

Come avviene la liquefazione del gas?

Il principio di liquefazione del gas naturale consiste nel raffreddarlo per portarlo, a pressione atmosferica normale, ad una temperatura di circa -160° Celsius. Si ottiene cosi’ il metano liquido, spesso chiamanot GNL (Gas Natural Liquefatto).

What is boil-off gas (bog)?

What is boil-off? While the tanks on an LNG carrier are designed to stay cool, they cannot provide perfect insulation against warming. Heat slowly affects the tanks, which can cause the LNG inside to evaporate and produces a substance known as boil-off gas (BOG).

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What is boil off?

What is Boil Off? The vapours created due to the ambient heat input (while maintaining constant pressure in the storage vessel) are called “boil-off”. Boil-off is inherent to the storage of a cryogenic due to the heat input from ambient.

What happens to natural gas when it is boiled off?

Natural gas remains liquefied by staying at a consistent pressure, but when boil-off occurs and it returns to gas, the larger volume of gas will increase the tank pressure. While the tanks are designed to handle the rise over short distances, prolonged pressure increases cannot be managed effectively and require alternative solutions.

What is a boil-off gas tanker?

Boil-off gas (BOG) LNG tanker s are designed to carry natural gas in liquid form at a temperature of – 163°C, close to the vaporization temperature. Despite tank insulation designed to limit the admission of external heat, even a small amount of it will cause slight evaporation of the cargo.

Come funziona un impianto LNG?

Quando le metaniere giungono al terminale di riferimento, il gas naturale liquefatto viene scaricato dalle navi e stoccato, sempre alla temperatura di -162°C e a pressione atmosferica, in appositi serbatoi. Si riscalda in modo controllato il GNL fino a farlo tornare allo stato gassoso.

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Come funziona il metano liquido?

Il trattamento prevede depurazione e disidratazione e successivamente fasi alternate di compressione e raffreddamento del metano. Durante il processo di condensazione (liquefazione) il suo volume di riduce di 600 volte consentendo di immagazzinare una notevole quantità di energia in poco spazio.

Come viene trasportato il GNL?

Il trasporto del GNL per lunghe distanze avviene attraverso navi metaniere fino ai terminali marittimi vicini alla costa. In tutta Europa ci sono terminali GNL dove viene consegnato il gas liquido trasportato dalle navi prima di essere iniettato nel sistema di trasporto e distribuzione fino alle utenze.

Quale è il gas liquido?

Il GNL, acronimo di gas naturale liquefatto, viene prodotto con un processo di raffreddamento e condensazione del gas. Il componente principale è il metano la cui percentuale può variare tra il 90 e il 99%, la restante parte è costituita da butano, etano e propano.

What is boil-off gas (bog) in LNG?

Boil-off gas (BOG) – LNG tankers are designed to carry natural gas in liquid form at a temperature of – 163°C, close to the vaporization temperature. Despite tank insulation designed to limit the admission of external heat, even a small amount of it will cause slight evaporation of the cargo.

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What is bog and how does it affect LNG?

The LNG gas is used as fuel, with some tankers relying on BOG to perform certain manoeuvres. Another alternative is to burn the unwanted gas in a gasification unit, but this results in wastage of materials and valuable energy. Even when safely handled, BOG offers other challenges.

How to reduce the boil-off of natural gas emissions?

It is proposed that an electric generator be used to consume the boil-off gas or a liquefier be used to re-liquefy the boil-off gas to reduce the tank pressure and eliminate fuel losses. These approaches can prevent boil-off of natural gas emissions, and reduce the costs of LNG as transportation fuel.

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